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Ozark Guidance – Torture is a Form of Trauma, Trauma Causes PTSD

Grief, interrupted: PTSD in the time of Tsunami and war

“The crayon on the wood took the abuse out of the present and put it into the past, properly, physically. The crayon marks told Sybil she no longer had to convince anyone of anything. It told her the therapist knew, and believed her and it validated her anger and pain.”

from The Internet Connects Trauma Survivors

The images, taken while patients remember a traumatic event, show how areas of the right hemisphere of the brain – those associated with emotional states and autonomic arousal – are lit up. The ‘imprint of trauma’ he says, ‘is located mainly in the limbic system, the part that interprets what is safe or dangerous in the world and in the brain stem that modulates arousal levels – sleeping, breathing, urinating and chemical balances. At the same time, parts of the frontal lobe that deal with the capacity to plan, to rationalise, to inhibit inappropriate behaviour – and specifically one area associated with speech – are shown to be shut down.’

What this suggests, says van der Kolk, is that ‘when people relive their traumatic experiences, the frontal lobes become impaired and as a result they have trouble thinking and speaking. They are no longer capable of communicating to others precisely what’s going on.’ Nor, he argues, are they capable of imagining how things could change. This ability is located in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, an area that needs to be engaged if someone is to have the possibility of transforming their experience and moving on.

Meanwhile, he says, research also shows the way in which the possibility to physically move at the time of the trauma is a key factor in a person’s experience. Movement, he points out, is organised in the limbic system where a part of the brain known as the amygdala acts as a ’smoke detector’, sending out alarm signals when a person is in a sensory situation similar to the trauma. The more immobile a person felt at the time of the experience when the original alarm was going off, the more sensitive this detector is likely to be in the future – and the more they are at risk of trauma.

The nature of this person’s ‘fight or flight’ response is also affected. For example, children – often less likely to be in a position to physically flee a traumatic environment – may well resort to freezing, numbing or dissociating as their only options for ‘leaving’.

from The Future of Trauma Work, British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy Journal

Debunking Myths About Trauma and Memory

Why Go to Therapy?

Stressresponses arise when exposures to adverse life experiences outstrip protective psychosocial resources, leading to a failure of coping and adaptation – Lazarus RS. Stress and Emotion: A New Synthesis, 1st ed. London: Free Association Books; 1999

from Psychosomatic Medicine – Socioeconomic Status Differences in Coping With a Stressful Medical Procedure

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  • You cannot out-manipulate a skilled manipulator, so don’t even try.
  • It’s useless to ask a manipulator why he or she is acting a particular way, because you won’t get an honest answer. Manipulators will deflect or disguise their motives and avidly deny being a manipulator. But take comfort in this: However how hard they try to convince you otherwise, you are not wrong for perceiving that you’re being manipulated.
  • You can’t change a manipulator by pointing out that his or her approach is one-sided.
  • Most manipulators are incapable of empathy. Therefore, trying to get them to understand your point of view is pretty much a waste of time.

- An abbreviated list from work of the late Harriet Braiker, author of “Who’s Pulling Your Strings”, from “Stand your ground with manipulators” at management-issues.com

This is encouraging to read, because I’ve spent a lot of my life trying to reason with manipulators; for example being invited to justify my choices, feelings or identity which is in reality an invitation to engage in being persuaded I am wrong.

Here’s some more, from “How To Spot a Manipulator” at ehow.com:

  1. Explore your feelings. Think about how you feel after spending time with the people in your life. Perhaps dealing with someone close to you regularly leaves you feeling exhausted, depressed, fearful, lonely, guilty or worthless. If so, chances are that you have spotted a manipulator.
  2. Spot manipulative tools. Manipulative behavior is by definition controlling and self-serving. Although some manipulators can be physically abusive, the real control usually is psychological. Manipulators have methods to delve deep inside your head and heart. They then push your buttons so that they can bend you to their will. Manipulators often use guilt or feign helplessness to persuade you to something for them. They may blame you unfairly, mock you or put you down. He or she may also demonstrate behavior that seems on the surface more positive, like using flattery and charm and professing love and caring.
  3. See whether the manipulator alternates between flattery and affection and anger depending on whether you are accommodating his requests. The display of anger may be intimidating or passive-aggressive.
  4. Determine whether the person uses your relationship with him to persuade you to do or not do things. Manipulators often make requests or demands by playing on your affections and your guilt. Spot manipulative comments like “If you loved me, you would (or wouldn’t) do this” or the converse: “Since you insist on doing this, I can no longer love or trust you.” There are no gray areas with manipulators. If you don’t perform as they wish, there is something lacking in you.
  5. Analyze the reasoning the manipulator uses to get what he or she wants from you. Manipulators usually rely on irrational, emotional means of persuasion rather than logic to get their way.
  6. Notice how the person acts when you change the way you respond to the manipulative behavior. Argue back, with logic. Do not humor the manipulator. Take your time answering and responding. Don’t take the bait. Be alert and prepared for changes in tactics, since the manipulator is highly invested in control and will try different strategies.

If your self-doubts and fears stop you from getting things done, here are some techniques and processes that can help you break through them.

  1. Make a list of your fears. Only by admitting that they exist can you seek solutions.
  2. Write down how these fears affect your life.
  3. Become aware of the voices in your head and write down those negative messages.
  4. Start building a support system of friends and eliminate people from your life who foster feelings of negativity.
  5. Join a support group of people who have similar issues.
  6. Change each negative message to one that is affirming and constructive.
  7. Read books that help you feel better about yourself.
  8. Be aware of your past, and be willing to let go of it.
  9. List your goals and the actions you need to achieve them.
  10. Take one of those actions every day. Each time you do something that brings you closer to achieving your goals you will feel better about yourself.

From “Break Through Self-Doubt and Fear” by Simmer Lieberman

by Michelle Hancock

Not a day goes by that the word “cancer” doesn’t scare thousands of Canadians. Like a dreaded scourge, it hovers over us, presumably just waiting to claim its next victim.

But according to scientists in the growing field of mind/body medicine, the disease is not as much an external force as you might believe. Fear and anxiety–our thoughts and feelings–can impact our health just as much as a long list of cancer risk factors. “Psychoneuroimmunology”’ is the scientific term to describe the study of the mind/body connection. Carl Simonton, MD, is an oncologist who pioneered research in this discipline as early as the 1970s. His book, Getting Well Again (Bantam, 1978), shows how “an individual’s reaction to stress and other emotional factors can contribute to the onset and progress of cancer [while] positive expectations, self-awareness and self-care can ontribute to survival.”

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From “The Complete Athlete” by John Winterdyk and Karen Jenson:

Fear of failure (anxiety about not being able to meet an objective) and fear of success (anxiety about achieving a goal) are the largest barriers to active living. You can choose to give in to these fears or you can use them to your advantage. You must believe in yourself in order to be truly healthy and achieve your goals.

Following are some suggestions for overcoming obstacles and living your dreams:

  • Discover your passion. What have you always wanted to do?
  • Develop your goal and find your own way of achieving it. Don’t listen to people who say the word “can’t.”
  • Take small, manageable steps towards your goal. If you’ve always wanted to be a marathon runner, start by jogging every morning.
  • Keep positive. Failure is merely a learning experience to help you become your best the next time.
  • Be open. If things turn out differently from what you expect, adapt to the change and readjust your goal–just as Silken Laumann did.
  • Have faith in yourself. You can do it!

Reprinted from You’ve Got the Power: Emotional and Mental Health at Alive.com

The 5 Myths of a Positive Mental Attitude at ThinkSimpleNow.com

6 Ways to be Positive in any situation at ThinkSimpleNow.com

9 Ways to Live a More Positive Life at RirianProject.com

Wake Up Feeling Great with These 22 Tips for High Self-Esteem at RirianProject.com

Positive Mental Attitude by Rob Davies (Rob Davies Comic Career Articles, rec.arts.comics.info)

Thinking Positive at 100ventures.com